There are a few commercials on tv that speak of transition lenses. These are technically called Photocromatic Lenses. These lenses darken due to uv light rays, tungsten lamps, and floresent lighting. As a certified optician I'll let u know a secret most opticians wont take the time to tell you. When you first get them it's a good idea to put them...

In general Hyperopia deals with an Eye that is shorter than normal. A normal eye is referred to as Emmetropia. Other times the shape of the Cornea can also effect light coming to a focus beyond the Retina. I've provided two pics to illustrate.